I-piston yenjini yemoto ingenye yezingxenye eziyinhloko zenjini, yona kanye neringi ye-piston, iphinikhodi ye-piston nezinye izingxenye zeqembu le-piston, kanye nekhanda le-cylinder nezinye izinto ndawonye ukwakha igumbi lomlilo, ukumelana namandla egesi. futhi udlulisele amandla ku-crankshaft ngephinikhodi ye-piston kanye nenduku yokuxhuma ukuze uqedele inqubo yokusebenza yenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi.
Ngenxa yokuthi i-piston isendaweni yokusebenza enesivinini esikhulu, enengcindezi ephezulu kanye nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu, kodwa futhi ukuze kucatshangelwe ukusebenza okubushelelezi nokuqina kwenjini, kuyadingeka ukuthi i-piston nayo ibe namandla anele nokuqina, conductivity ezinhle ezishisayo, ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu, i-coefficient encane yokunweba (usayizi nokushintsha komumo kube kuncane), ukuminyana okuncane (isisindo sokukhanya), ukumelana nokugqoka nokugqwala, kodwa futhi nezindleko eziphansi.Ngenxa yezidingo eziningi neziphezulu, ezinye zezidingo ziyaphikisana, kunzima ukuthola impahla yepiston engahlangabezana ngokugcwele nezidingo.
I-piston yenjini yesimanje ngokuvamile yenziwe nge-aluminium alloy, ngoba ingxubevange ye-aluminium inezinzuzo zokuminyana okuncane kanye nokuhamba kahle kwe-thermal, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, inezinkinga zokunwetshwa kwe-coefficient enkulu kanye namandla aphansi okushisa aphezulu, angakwazi. kuhlangatshezwana nayo kuphela ngomklamo wesakhiwo ophusile.Ngakho-ke, ikhwalithi yenjini yemoto ayixhomekile kuphela ezintweni ezisetshenziswayo, kodwa futhi nasekuhlakanipheni komklamo.
Kukhona amashumi ezinkulungwane zezingxenye emotweni, kusukela kuma-crankshaft nama-gearbox kuya kumawasha asentwasahlobo namabhawodi namantongomane.Yonke ingxenye inendima yayo, njengendandatho ye-piston "encane", ebonakala ilula kusukela ekubunjweni, isisindo esilula kakhulu, intengo nayo ishibhile kakhulu, kodwa indima ayiyona into encane.Ngaphandle kwayo, imoto ayikwazi ukunyakaza, ngisho noma inenkinga encane, imoto ngeke ibe evamile, ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli okukhulu, noma amandla anganele.Ekuhlanganisweni kweqembu lonke le-piston nesilinda, iqembu le-piston lithintana ngempela nodonga lwesilinda lwe-cylinder iyindandatho ye-piston, evala igebe phakathi kwepiston nodonga lwesilinda ukuvala igumbi elivuthayo, ngakho futhi Ingxenye egqokwa kalula enjinini.Indandatho yepiston ngokuvamile yenziwe ngensimbi ekhonjiwe, inezinga elithile lokunwebeka, inezinhlobonhlobo zomumo wesigaba esiphambanayo, futhi inokwemboza ngaphezulu ukuze kwandiswe ukusebenza kokugijima.Lapho injini isebenza, i-piston izoshiswa futhi inwetshwe, ngakho iringi yepiston inegebe elivulekile.
Ukuze ugcine ukucinana ngesikhathi sokufakwa, igebe lokuvula leringi ye-piston kufanele linyakaze.Ipiston ivamise ukuba namasongo episton amathathu kuya kwamane, ahlukaniswa abe izigaba ezimbili zamasongo kagesi namasongo kawoyela ngokwemisebenzi yawo ehlukene.Indandatho yegesi ifakwe endaweni eyindandatho ekugcineni engenhla yekhanda le-piston ukuvimbela ukuvuza komoya, ukudlulisa ukushisa kwekhanda le-piston odongeni lwesilinda, futhi kukhiphe ukushisa kwepiston.Umsebenzi wendandatho kawoyela ukuvimbela uwoyela wokugcoba ukuba ungangeni ekamelweni elivuthayo, futhi ukhuhle amafutha amaningi okugcoba odongeni lwesilinda emuva epanini likawoyela, elifakwe emgodini ophansi wendandatho yegesi.Inqobo nje uma izidingo zomsebenzi wokuvala ziqinisekisiwe, inani lamasongo e-piston lingaphansi kwenani elingcono, inani lamasongo e-piston lingaphansi kwendawo encane yokungqubuzana, linciphisa ukulahlekelwa amandla, futhi lifinyeze ukuphakama kwepiston, okuyinto enciphisa ngokufanayo ukuphakama kwenjini.
Uma indandatho ye-piston ifakwe ngendlela engafanele noma ukuvala uphawu kungalungile, kuzobangela ukuthi amafutha odongeni lwesilinda ashise kanye negumbi elivuthayo kanye nengxube, kubangele ukushisa kwamafutha.Uma imvume phakathi kweringi ye-piston nodonga lwesilinda kukuncane kakhulu noma iringi yepiston ibhajwe emgodini weringi ngenxa yokunqwabelana kwekhabhoni, njll., lapho ipiston yenza umnyakazo owehlayo phezulu naphansi, cishe izoklwebha isilinda. odongeni, futhi ngemva kwesikhathi eside, izokwakha i-groove ejulile odongeni lwesilinda, okuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi "i-cylinder edonsa" isenzakalo.Udonga lwesilinda lunemigodi, futhi ukuvala uphawu kumpofu, okuzophinde kubangele ukushiswa kwamafutha.Ngakho-ke, isimo sokusebenza se-piston kufanele sihlolwe njalo ukuze kugwenywe ukwenzeka kwezimo ezimbili ezingenhla futhi kuqinisekiswe isimo esihle sokusebenza kwenjini.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-03-2023